| Species | Rhombosolea tapirina |
| Common Name | Greenback Flounder |
| Importance | Minor |
| Habitat | Sheltered sand, silt and mud substrates in estuaries and coastal waters |
| Depth | 0 – 100 m (Edgar, 2008) |
| Distribution | Southern Western Australia to southern New South Wales, around Tasmania, also New Zealand (Edgar, 2008) |
| Diet | Polychaetes and benthic crustaceans (Edgar, 2008; Ferguson, 2006) |
| Stock Structure | Several genetically distinct stocks in Australia: west coast Tasmania, east coast Tasmania, Victoria (van den Enden et al., 2000) |
| M (Natural Mortality) | 0.85 (for populations in New Zealand) (Sutton et al., 2010) |
| Maximum Age (years) | 10 (Sutton et al., 2010) |
| Maximum Length (total length; cm) | 45 (Edgar, 2008; Kailola et al., 1993) |
| Maximum Weight (g) | 600 (Edgar, 2008; Kailola et al., 1993) |
| Female K (von Bertalanffy growth parameter) | 0.26 |
| Male K (von Bertalanffy growth parameter) | 0.24 |
| Female t0 (age (years) when length = 0) | -1.06 |
| Male t0 (age (years) when length = 0) | -1.32 |
| Female L∞ (asymptotic von Bertalanffy length (total length; cm)) | 55.82 |
| Male L∞ (asymptotic von Bertalanffy length (total length; cm)) | 52.21 |
| Length (L; tail length (cm))– Weight (W; g) Relationship | W=0.036 L^2.7 (females), W=0.039 L^2.64 (males) (Sutton et al., 2010) |
| Size at Maturity (total length; cm) | 21.86 (females), 19.0 (males) (Crawford, 1984) |
| Spawning Season | June – October |
| Spawning Location | Females are serial spawners and move from shallows to deeper areas of esturaries, and offshore for spawning (Crawford, 1984) |
| Additional Spawning Information | Pelagic eggs |
| Batch Fecundity (F; number of eggs) to Fork Length (FL; cm) | F=-1053.65+85.85L (Crawford, 1984) |
| Egg Size | 0.7 – 1.0 mm diameter (Crawford, 1984) |
| Recruitment | No-stock recruitment relationship established |
| Early Life History | Incubation 82 – 93 hours; larvae hatch 1.9mm from May – November; larvae planktonic for >30 days until 6mm, then undergo metamorphosis which finishes 65 days post-hatching; settlement inshore occurs late winter – early summer; juveniles live on sand flats in water < 1 m deep (Crawford, 1984) |
| Gillnet Post Release Survival | High: 96.1% (Lyle et al., 2014) |
